Global Public Policy Is Made By State And Non State Actors

Global public issues such as global climate change, international financial market, illicit international trade, cross border migration, internet governance and cyber war, nuclear proliferation, global public drug and etc cause a need of global public policy. Basically global public policy has been designed in order to achieve desired goals in global public challenges. Global public policy is made by state and non-state actors. In classical political science only the states were recognized as a significant actors in public policy and international policies were made between states( Wimmer and Schiller,2002), while in the recent decades non-state actors play important role in global governance(Whitman, 2009,87). For instance, UN, UNDP, UNIDO are central in the global public sphere (Kaul 2003). Global public policy activities take place among non state actors and intergovernmental counterpart in global agora (Stone, 2008, 5-8).Global public policy needs to be made in global agora. Previously, global agora was a place for social, economical, political and cultural interaction of states and non-states members. However, today global agora is evolving with various set of networks , global public and private partnership and multilateral initiatives global agora is managed by business and policy elites(Stone, 2008, 10). Global public policy aim to respond to three types of policy problems (Soroos 1991): Firstly, transboundary problems such as money laundry, drug trafficking andShow MoreRelatedEvolution of ICT1384 Words   |  6 Pagesmilitary domain has led to the notion of more is less. On one hand it has changed the strategy of conducting military operations, wherein states are indulged in an arm race to acquire modern sophisticated military capabilities. On the other, commercialization of such capabilities has made them easily available to adversaries and criminal organizations. The concept of state security now hinges upon the acquisition of modern weapons to maintain deterrence and balance of power. Alongside physical militaryRead MoreGlobalisation in the Global South Social Policy1500 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalisation in the Global South Social Policy The recurrent issues on the real effects of globalization to the creation of social policies in Global South countries continue to fuel various debates in political, sociological and economic arena, as its influence in the social sector grows extensively. These issues provoke attacks claiming that globalisation only protects the welfare of Western countries and continue to take advantage of those in the Global South. It is almost always thought toRead MoreIs the State Still the Most Important Actor in International Relations1097 Words   |  5 PagesIs the state still the most important actor in International Relations? State is commonly referred to either the present condition of a system or entity, or to a governed entity, such as a nation or a province. The state itself consists of the society, government as well as the people living there. Before the Second World War, State is often seen as the main actor in international Relations as it can declare states of wars, control most of the economic influence within the region and larger statesRead MoreEmergence of Globalization Phenomenon1521 Words   |  6 Pagesfused together to form the global communication network. The proliferation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the possibility of wire and wireless almost everywhere, no spot on earth is apparently left untouched by global communication. The internet is the most remarkable development which grew from a few hundred website in the 90s to several millions at the end of last decade. Easy access to media and cyberspace has eliminated the control of nation-states over informa tion flow acrossRead MoreWhat Is More Harm Than Good?1721 Words   |  7 PagesMore harm than good? The impact of the United Kingdom’s laws and policies on sex workers’ and trafficked individuals’ human rights or Would U.K laws and policies on sex workers and trafficked individuals be more effective if society understood and accepted the problem? Research background and questions According to the United Kingdom Home Office, the anti†slavery legislation currently being upheld in the United Kingdom (hereinafter UK), uses the term modern slavery as a catch-all phrase whenRead MoreTransnational Networks And Its Influence On The World On A Global Level1414 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernance and its influence on the world on a global level. NGOs transnational networks are very influential in the enforcement of policy that breaks through states and government. A Government is the governing body of a nation, state, or community and governance the action or manner of governing. Over the years globalization has brought about transnational networks in international politics. What is novel is this networks ability of mobilizing non-state actors with information strategically to help createRead MoreThe Battle Of Inter State War1464 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers including Kant and Rousseau in order to build theories that encapsulate the complex variables which lead to armed engagement. These theories can be extrapolated in order to explain the causes of inter-state war, and to provide explanations of violence in the modern global theatre. Overall, Waltz’s argument of the three images is extremely persuasive. The logical underpinnings of the models and the ways in which they collaborate are, for the most part, concrete and well thought-outRead MoreState Sovereignty vs. Environmental Sustainability Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesState Sovereignty vs. Environmental Sustainability With humanities growing knowledge of skills and technology, we have been able to manipulate nature to meet the growing needs of humans. By doing this humans have fished, gathered species, hunted for food, fuel, and shelter. Humans have domesticated plants and animals, cut forests, used anything from fire to technological advancements to alter habitats, and have significantly changes chemical hydrological and geochemical cycles. As aRead MoreGlobal Governance: Globalization and Non-State Actors2026 Words   |  9 Pagesincreasing role of non-state actors in global governance are undermining the role of the state as the principal actor in global policymaking.† Globalization and the increasing role of non-state actors have shifted the position of states, the traditional â€Å"main players† in global governance. However, whether this change undermines states is debatable. In one sense, states’ roles have somewhat diminished: Non-governmental entities – namely transnational corporations (TNC), but also global non-governmentalRead MoreThe Role Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Global Politics1352 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Military men are just dumb stupid animals to be used as pawns in foreign policy.† The past century has shown us the atrocious influence of military power on global politics, but now for many states, the sense of fear is derived from economic power. Through increased globalization and interdependence of trade, multinational corporations (MNC) impact on global politics has undoubtedly strengthened. In the peripheral world, poverty is still prevalent. It not exclusive to the fact that they don’t

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Review Of Rajinikanth An Indian Film Actor - 1988 Words

Rajinikanth is an Indian film actor. He began acting in plays while working in the transport service as a bus conductor. In 1973, he joined the ‘Madras Film Institute’ to pursue a diploma in acting. He made his debut in Tamil (South Indian Film) drama in 1975. His acting career began with brief phase of portraying antagonistic characters in Tamil films. After establishing himself as a lead actor in a number of commercially successful films, he was known to be a superstar. When Rajinikanth’s movies are released in theaters, it is like a festival for fans to celebrate. He has more than a million followers and tends to have multiple genres that they use in order to interact and illustrate their dedication, membership or belonging to the†¦show more content†¦The consistent types of communication that is seen within Rajini fan groups is to write about movie reviews of Rajinikanth’s recent movie. The recent movie of Rajinikath, ‘Lingaa’ inv olves facts about the movie and with description of the main features of the plot. As well as the general comments and opinions on the acting, the music, the photography, animation, the setting, the costumes and special effects.While reviewers criticize the features from the Rajini’s movie, they call themselves as Rajini fans. It is important for them to get their opinion across, so that Rajini can choose the script of the movie that fans would like to see him in. Viewers expect to see in movie review is an introduction, evidence or opinion and the final recommendation about the movie. In the movie review entitled A Lingaa Review Just for Rajini Fans - Why We Should Say Bad When Something Is Bad? written by Narayan who introduced himself as a Rajini fan in the introduction. Narayan described the main features of the plot, ‘Lingaa’, a story of a king that inspires people to build a dam by themselves when his request was turned down by the ruling Britons. In his op inion, the story was full of emotional moments with a poor script and a duplicated or animated figure, which did not come across as real Rajinikanth effect in the movie. Moreover, Narayan shared his opinion about the co-stars to be like a show piece who did not know how to act in the movie. In the

Human Genetic Engineering Essay - 977 Words

Genetic engineering is a practice commonly used in food to produce yields of superior size or quality. Recently this technology has been tested on humans. The human race will now be able to improve upon itself and their offspring. With this technology disease can be disposed of and normal people can become better than average. Not all technology needs to be utilized. Genetic engineering that should not be used in humans unless done to prevent or treat disease until it is fully understood since the consequences are undetermined and potentially devastating. Human genetic engineering, HGE, is a new technology been incorporated into modern science where the genes or more specifically DNA are manipulated within a living person or zygote.†¦show more content†¦Preventing sickness is not wrong. The issue occurs when one tries to, as Sandel claims, â€Å"reach beyond health† or â€Å"above the norm† (â€Å"The Case Against†). Pills and other devices have done thi s. For example, David King, a professor at Harvard, recollects when human growth hormone was marketed towards people with hormone deficiencies. Now it is prescribed to normal short children (39). Surgery was also originally used for medical uses, but cosmetic surgery is now its own field. When HGE becomes affordable and safe the public will find use. Clapper explains germline changes the genes in eggs or sperm (â€Å"Human Genetic†). This will modify any future children. Mitochondrial transfer, a form of germline engineering, is now possible allowing for three genetically linked parents to a child. Wynne Parry, LiveScience contributor, describes that it replaces faulty mitochondria with healthy ones from a third party (â€Å"Designing Life†) riding the child of mitochondrial diseases from the mother due to old age during pregnancy. Germline engineering will satisfy few people who have infertility and do not want to use other methods. Parents can have the same bond between another being without conceiving a child. There is adoption, but some do not do this since the child will not be genetically linked to them. Clapper mentions that gamete and embryo donation, or pre-implantation diagnosis and selection can be used (â€Å"Human Genetic†). The latter allows for both parents to be relatedShow MoreRelatedGenetic Engineering And Human Engineering3020 Words   |  13 PagesGenetic engineering is a highly debated topic across the world right now as countries are split for and against genetically altering crops and livestock. The simple definition for genetic engineering according to CSIRO is â€Å"The use of modern biotechnology techniques to change genes of an organism, such as plant or animal.†(CSIRO, 2007) The techniques or steps to genetic engineering are quite technical. The first stage of genetic engineering is to isolate the DNA from the organism. Once the DNA strandRead MoreGenetic Engineering in Humans1282 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic Engineering in Humans Theist and Atheist Perspectives On the most surface level, human genetic engineering and human genetic modification are a new and rapidly developing field of science that deals with directly altering the DNA (genetic makeup) of a living human cell. From early science fiction to the present day, taking control of humans’ gen es and directing the flow of evolution has been a subject of debate for many people. Human genetic engineering or HGE tends to bring up thoughtsRead MoreGenetic Engineering And The Human Race1974 Words   |  8 PagesHopes of Human Genetic Engineering are Dreadful If the world had the possibility to be a healthier one, one can rest assure that it would make that possibility a reality. However, the world already has been having that possibility through genetic engineering, but at the same time, it has remained a possibility and not a reality. With this in mind, one must wonder why; why has it remained a possibility? In order to successfully answer this, it is important to understand what genetic engineering is, andRead MoreThe Genetic Engineering of Human Food1924 Words   |  8 Pages Genetic Engineering refers to the direct manipulation of the genetic information of living beings. The genes, embedded in the DNA, are the blueprints of life which determine particular traits in an organism. With Biotechnology, Genetic Engineers are able to replace these genes from one organism to another, resulting in completely new combinations of traits which do not occur in nature. These Genetically Modified Organisms are artificially enhanced to express desired characteristics that are usefulRead MoreGenetic Engineering And The Human Race1912 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein, frogs with three legs and mice with two heads, that’s what comes to mind for most people when they hear the word genetic engineering. But the reality of it is genetic engineering is much more than mad scientists sewing together monsters. Made by the exploits of science, genetic engineering can be used to help people in many more ways than most expect. Genetic engineering is used for anything from making enzymes to clean up oil spills that endanger our environment, to making crops that canRead MoreGenetic Engineering : The Future Of The Human Race994 Words   |  4 PagesGenetic Engineering? No Way The future of the human race is in your hands. Though it may not feel that way in your everyday routines, the decisions you make will distinctively impact your children’s live, their children’s lives, etc. Genetic engineering is sparking questions among the human race whether or not it is the next step. Creating a test tube baby I in order for parents to conceive a child is one thing but genetically modifying the human race is against human nature. Genetic engineeringRead MoreThe Human Genetic Engineering Debate Essay1823 Words   |  8 PagesHowever, some of the fastest growing subjects are in the field of biological sciences, more specifically genetics. Over the past twenty years a new genetic science known as genetic engineering has come to prominence. Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnology, including a human’s genome. As a result, scientists have begun to experiment with altering human traits, known as â€Å"designer babies.† In response, many issues have arisen culturally, as perspectivesRead MoreGenetic Engineering And Its Effect On Human Health1996 Words   |  8 Pagesmodified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases the goal is to introduce a new trait to the plant, which does not occur naturally in the species, for examples in crops and food. Since 1960, there are many introducing genetic engineering in crops production as it can bring a lot of benefits e.g. increasing food production, it is also environmental friendly and it gives high quality production. However, there are also many negative issues related to in genetic engineering such as it canRead MoreThe Engineering of Human Genetics in Dreams and Nightmares Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesbreakthroughs and advancements at a rapid pace. The velocity of the incoming discoveries may allow one to overlook the powerful emphasis we as humans hold over human life itself. While human research has been de veloping an understanding of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) since Friedrich Miescher isolated the double-helix shaped molecule, efforts in recent decades to map the human genome have instigated a great amount of opportunity to the potential manipulation of the basic elements of life. This potential hadRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Is the Human Race Ready? Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pageshow far genetic engineering has come. Humans, plants, and any living organism can now be manipulated. Scientists have found ways to change humans before they are even born. They can remove, add, or alter genes in the human genome. Making things possible that humans (even thirty years ago) would have never imagined. Richard Hayes claims in SuperSize Your Child? that genetic engineering needs to have limitations. That genetic engineering should be used for medical purposes, but not for â€Å"genetic modification

eBay The Global Strategy Free Essays

Pierre Omidyar, a computer programmer, developed the platform of eBay and introduced it to the World Wide Web in 1995. (Daniels, Radebaugh, Sullivan, 2007) Omidyar’s goals and objectives in designing the interface of eBay was grounded on his idea of opening the industry of market auctions to wider populations of buyers and sellers that link up through the Internet. Moreover, his idea of an online marketplace for buyers and sellers was based upon his vision of equal competition among sellers, eliminating the discrepancies on how sellers are competing in the real market structure for the purpose of attracting the attention of buyers and overpowering their competitors. We will write a custom essay sample on eBay: The Global Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now For Omidyar, eBay balances the playing field for all sellers and provides equal opportunities of purchase for the buyers. (Gopalkrishnan Gupta, N. D. ) Although Omidyar was able to eliminate the competition within the virtual sphere of eBay, eBay Inc. was experiencing the surge of competition from other virtual commercial establishments that were designed under the same framework of eBay’s market auction. In addition, eBay, as a business organization, needed to cope with the challenges of the globalization, thus, the development of strong and stable globalization strategy for eBay as supported by its core competency and its configured and coordinated value chain. (Daniels, Radebaugh, Sullivan, 2007) The core competencies of eBay constitute the unique platform or design of eBay as an online marketplace that sets it apart from other virtual business organizations establishing its competitive advantage in terms of services or offerings, eBay’s valuing of establishing trust among its clients and assuring the safety and security of being involved in online auctions facilitated by the organization, the value or significance that eBay grants market efficiency, and one of the primary goals of eBay to establish partnerships with other organizations to foster network benefits and productivity. Daniels, Radebaugh, Sullivan, 2007) These core competencies have established some of the strategies that eBay has implemented over the years in order to obtain competitive advantage and fulfill the goals and objectives of the organization. Perhaps the most successful strategy which has helped sustain the growth and development of eBay was its opening of services of an online open market for everyone who needs to tie up with the platform of eBay in order to sell or buy goods or products from different parts of the world. This has widened the client base of eBay, realizing one of its core competencies, that is its uniqueness in being able to establish a marketplace that is open to all despite the distance. (Gopalkrishnan Gupta, N. D. ) In addition, according to a report released by eBay in 2006 in order to discuss its global strategies for continued growth and development of the business, through its acquisitions of other organizations, such as PayPal (eBay, 2009a), and its development of other virtual services that assist in the facilitation of services provided by eBay. Some of these services include Skype which is a communication tool that buyers and sellers around the world may use to communicate. eBay has also realized that in order to uphold its core competency of market efficiency, it needed to implement a multi-branding strategy to capture a larger market population. This was accomplished through its development of Shopping. om and other Marketplaces such as eBay stores, ProStores, and such. (eBay, 2009b) Reviewing the value chain configuration and coordination of eBay, the decision to structure this particular system was motivated by the platform of eBay considering what drives the business – that is, the buyers and the sellers – and the processes that facilitate business practices and operations. Apparently, the value chain model of eBay constitutes five tiers of factors or features, starting from the legal aspect of the business, to its management of finances, the human capital of the organization, the technical department of the organization which keeps eBay up and running online, and most importantly, the process and operations involved in running eBay. This process starts with marketing, to the transfer of information from sellers to buyers, the process of auctioning products of goods, the payment, and the review of accountability and reliability of eBay and sellers to provide for the needs and demands of buyers. Schmidl, 2006) The configuration and coordination of eBay’s value chain was based on the logical analysis of how eBay will commence operations, especially since the organization is run by the buyers and sellers who are involved in the process of keeping organizational operations. The analysis of eBay’s value chain establishes the fact that it is vir tual and not real since the process of marketing up until peer reviews is completed online. From marketing eBay, to the transfer of information and facilitation of communication between buyers and sellers, the auction and payment process, until the peer reviews regarding accountability and reliability of eBay and sellers, is done through online tools and applications that constitute the platform of eBay. Perhaps this is one of the many reasons why the particular process identified as eBay’s value chain adds value and advantage to eBay, since it is able to provide services virtually to global networks without offering problems and difficulties to buyers and sellers. The analysis of eBay’s core competencies, strategies, and its value chain proves that they are no different from what eBay has implemented ten years ago. Until today, the strategies employed by eBay are based on its mission of providing an online open market for everyone – to buyers and sellers – eliminating competition and the challenges that constitute to the establishment of concrete business establishments that operate in the same manner. eBay has made it easy for individuals to operate a business and purchase specific goods or products. However, eBay has to continue in developing its platform if it hopes to grow in the following years, based on the threats and challenges posed by some issues that eBay clearly needs to addressed as mentioned by Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan (2007). These challenges suggests that eBay should be able to raise its cultural sensitivity, addressing the problem of language barriers, the implementation of legal laws and policies to regulate overall eBay operations, and its modification of its virtual value chain, applying concepts of real value chain in order to address the digital divide. 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Nutrition and You Essay Example For Students

Nutrition and You Essay Nutrition is the relationship of foods to the health of the human body . Proper nutrition means that you are receiving enough foods and supplements for the body to function at optimal capacity. It is important to remember that no single nutrient or activity can maintain optimal health and well being, although it has been proven that some nutrients are more important than others. All of the nutrients are necessary in different amounts along with exercise to maintain proper health. There are six main types of nutrients used to maintain body health. They are: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water . They all must be in balance for the body to function properly. There are also five major food groups. The groups are: fats and oils, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, grains, and meats. Exercise is also an important part of nutrition. Exercise helps tone and maintain muscle tissue and ensure that the bodys organs stay in good condition. Healthy eating without exercise will not result in good nutrition and a healthy body neither will exercise without nutrition. The most important thing about exercise is that it be practiced regularly and that it be practiced in accompaniment with a healthy diet. It is also desirable to practice more that one sport as different sports exercise different areas of the body. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the sources of energy for the body. The contained energy is expressed in calories. There are 9 calories per gram in fat and there are about 4 calories per gram in proteins and carbohydrates . Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body. This energy is mostly used for muscle movement and digestion of food. Some sources of carbohydrates are : grains, fruits, vegetables, and anything else that grows out of the ground. The energy in carbohydrates is almost instantly digested. This results in a quick rise in blood sugar which is soon followed by a drop in blood sugar which is interpreted by the body as a craving for more sugars. This sugar low may also result in fatigue, dizziness, nervousness, and headache. However, not all carbohydrates do this. Most fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains are digested more slowly. Fats, which are lipids, are the source of energy that is the most concentrated. Fats produce more that twice the amount of energy that is in carbohydrates or proteins. Besides having a high concentration of energy, fat acts as a carrier for the fat soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K. Also, by helping in the absorption of vitamin D, fats help make calcium available to various body tissues, in particular, the bones and teeth. Another function of fat is to convert carotene to vitamin A. Fat also helps keep organs in place by surrounding them in a layer of fat. Fat also surrounds the body in a layer that preserves body temperature and keeps us warm. One other function of fat is to slow the production of hydrochloric acid thereby slowing down digestion and making food last longer. Some sources of fats are meats and nuts as well as just plain oils and fats. Proteins, besides water, are the most plentiful substance in the body. Protein is also one of the most important element for the health of the body. Protein is the major source of building material in the body and is important in the development and growth of all body tissues. Protein is also needed for the formation of all hormones. It also helps regulate the bodys water balance. When proteins are digested they are broken down into simpler sections called amino acids. However, not all proteins will contain all the necessary amino acids. Carbon is one of the most important chemical eleme Essay Most meat and dairy products contain all necessary amino acids in their proteins. Proteins are available from both plants and animals. However, Animal proteins are more complete and thus desirable. Knowledge of the nutrients and their function is essential to understanding the importance of good nutrition. As mentioned above, there are six nutrients. All vitamins are organic food substances that are found only in living things, plants and animals . It is believed that there are about twenty substances that are active as vitamins in human nutrition . Every vitamin is essential to the proper growth and development of the body. With a few exceptions, the body cannot make vitamins and must be supplied with them. Vitamins contain no energy but are important as enzymes which help speed up nearly all metabolic functions. Also, vitamins are not building components .